Leadership · Organizational Psychology
A few years ago, a paper I wrote quietly accumulated nearly 1,600 readers.
I didn't promote it. I didn't have a newsletter, a podcast, or a publishing deal. I'm not an academic. I don't have a PhD. I wrote it during my master's program, uploaded it, and moved on with my life — into boardrooms, contract negotiations, managed care operations, and the kind of organizational chaos that only healthcare can produce.
The readers found it anyway.
And honestly? That surprised me more than anything I've published since.
Antisocial personality disorder — APD, what most people loosely call sociopathy or psychopathy — doesn't stay in the criminal justice system. It walks into your office. It gets promoted. It shakes hands, makes excellent first impressions, charms the hiring committee, and then quietly begins dismantling everything around it.
The research on this is not new. Industrial-organizational psychologists have documented it. The "corporate psychopath" has been studied extensively. There are even validated screening instruments — the B-Scan 360, developed by some of the foremost researchers in psychopathy — specifically designed to detect these patterns in workplace settings.
What's missing isn't the research. It's the translation.
HR departments don't read academic journals. Executives don't sit with the DSM. And so a well-documented, measurable, operationally destructive phenomenon — one that some researchers have linked to the conditions that enabled the 2008 global financial crisis — goes largely unaddressed in most organizations.
My paper argued that it shouldn't. That human resources has both the tools and the ethical obligation to screen for, identify, and contain APD manifestation in the workplace. That mindfulness-based interventions can buffer the damage done to employees working under these managers. That the cost — in turnover, productivity loss, compliance failures, and psychological harm — is quantifiable, and therefore preventable.
In the fifteen years since I wrote that paper, I have sat across the table from people who matched the profile almost precisely.
The manager who ingratiated upward and destructed downward — charming to leadership, systematically isolating to direct reports. The executive who made brilliant first impressions in every negotiation and left organizational wreckage behind them in every role. The leader whose team turned over three times in two years for reasons nobody in HR would name out loud.
The literature calls this pattern "ingratiating upwards, destructing downwards." I've watched it happen in behavioral health organizations, in digital health startups, in large health systems. It doesn't discriminate by sector or size.
What I noticed — and what the research predicts — is that these individuals tend to exit organizations eventually. The damage, however, doesn't leave with them.
I've thought about this a lot.
My conclusion: people are desperate for language.
Most professionals have encountered this pattern. They've worked for someone who felt fundamentally off — not just difficult, not just demanding, but something more corrosive. They've watched good people leave. They've felt their own confidence erode in ways they couldn't quite explain.
What they often lack is a framework. A vocabulary. Permission to name what they experienced as something real, documented, and not their fault.
That's what the paper gave them. Not because it was groundbreaking research — it wasn't. But because it took what was sitting in academic journals and said: this happens in your office. Here's what to look for. Here's what HR can do about it.
The ivory tower produces the map. The real world is the territory. Almost nobody is doing the work of translating between them.
The paper focused on detection and mitigation — what HR should do, what screening tools exist, what interventions can buffer the damage.
What it didn't fully grapple with is the systemic reason these individuals thrive: most organizations are structurally optimized to reward exactly the traits that make corporate psychopaths dangerous.
Confidence. Decisiveness. Charisma. The ability to project certainty without being slowed down by doubt or empathy. These aren't just APD traits — they're what a lot of leadership development programs actively cultivate.
We've built organizations that select for the mask and call it leadership potential.
That's the harder problem. And it doesn't get solved with a screening instrument.
I'm not an academic. I never will be. The ivory tower has its rigor, its citation counts, its peer review — and those things matter. But there's a different kind of knowing that comes from being in the room. From watching the theory play out in real time, with real stakes, against a real person who is very good at appearing to be something they're not.
Nearly 600 people who aren't even ResearchGate members downloaded the full text of that paper. They weren't researchers. They were practitioners. Managers. People trying to understand something that was happening to them or around them.
That's the audience I write for now.
Not the ivory tower. The territory.
"We've built organizations that select for the mask and call it leadership potential."
About the author
Alex Yarijanian is a healthcare strategist, founder, and speaker. He writes about leadership, systems, and the gap between how organizations say they work and how they actually do.